Dysfunctional autophagy in Alzheimer's disease: pathogenic roles and therapeutic implications
Department of Neurology, Xuan Wu Hospital of the Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
Abstract
Neuronal autophagy is essential for neuronal survival and the maintenance of neuronal homeostasis. Increasing evidence has implicated autophagic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The mechanisms underlying autophagic failure in AD involve several steps, from autophagosome formation to degradation. The effect of modulating autophagy is context-dependent. Stimulation of autophagy is not always beneficial. During the implementation of therapies that modulate autophagy, the nature of the autophagic defect, the timing of intervention, and the optimal level and duration of modulation should be fully considered.
Keywords
Alzheimer’s disease; autophagy; presenilin; axon; lysosome; animal model
