Comprehensive Management of Daily Living Activities, behavioral and Psychological Symptoms, and Cognitive Function in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease: A Chinese Consensus on Alzheimer's Disease
Jianjun Jia1 • Jun Xu2 • Jun Liu3 • Yongjun Wang4 • Yanjiang Wang5 • Yunpeng Cao6 • Qihao Guo7 • Qiuming Qu8 • Cuibai Wei9 • Wenshi Wei10 • Junjian Zhang11 • Enyan Yu12
1 Department of Neurology, The Second Medical Center, People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
2 Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
3 Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
4 Cognitive Impairment Department, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen 518118, China
5 Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
6 Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 210112, China
7 Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
8 Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
9 Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
10 Department of Neurology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
11 Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
12 Department of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Cancer Hospital of the University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cognitive disorder in the elderly. Its main clinical manifestations are cognitive decline (C), behavioral and psychological symptoms (B), and a decline in the activities of daily living (A), also known as ABC symptoms. Early identification and evaluation of ABC symptoms are helpful for establishing the accurate diagnosis, comprehensive treatment, and prognosis of AD. To guide Chinese clinical practice for optimization of the comprehensive management of AD, in 2018, The Academy of Cognitive Disorder of China gathered 22 neurologists and gerontologists in China to build a consensus on the comprehensive management of AD. Based on a review of the evidence, the consensus summarizes the pathogenesis, pathological changes, clinical manifestations, evaluation, diagnosis, drug and non-drug treatment, and patient care for AD. Focus group discussion was used to establish a flowchart of comprehensive ABC management for AD patients. The new consensus provides a feasible AD management process for clinicians.
Keywords
Alzheimer’s disease; Comprehensive management; Activities of daily living; Behavioral and psychological symptoms; Cognitive function
