Recent Progress in Non-motor Features of Parkinson’s Disease with a Focus on Circadian Rhythm Dysregulation
Yufei Liu1,2 • Long Niu1,2 • Xinyao Liu1,2 • Cheng Cheng1,2 • Weidong Le1,2,3
1 Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116021, China
2 Liaoning Provincial Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116021, China
3 Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science-Sichuan Provincial Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, which manifests with both motor and non-motor symptoms. Circadian rhythm dysregulation, as one of the most challenging non-motor features of PD, usually appears long before obvious motor symptoms. Moreover, the dysregulated circadian rhythm has recently been reported to play pivotal roles in PD pathogenesis, and it has emerged as a hot topic in PD research. In this review, we briefly introduce the circadian rhythm and circadian rhythm-related genes, and then summarize recent research progress on the altered circadian rhythm in PD, ranging from clinical features to the possible causes of PD-related circadian disorders. We believe that future comprehensive studies on the topic may not only help us to explore the mechanisms of PD, but also shed light on the better management of PD.
Keywords
Circadian rhythm dysregulation; Circadian rhythm gene; Parkinson’s disease; REM sleep behavior disorder; Dopamine
