The Relationship Between the Gut Microbiome and Neurodegenerative Diseases

 Xueling Zhu1,2 • Bo Li1,2 • Pengcheng Lou1,2 • Tingting Dai1,2 • Yang Chen3 • Aoxiang Zhuge1,2 • Yin Yuan1,2 • Lanjuan Li1,2
1 State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China 
2 Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China 
3 The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
Abstract
Many recent studies have shown that the gut microbiome plays important roles in human physiology and pathology. Also, microbiome-based therapies have been used to improve health status and treat diseases. In addition, aging and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, have become topics of intense interest in biomedical research. Several researchers have explored the links between these topics to study the potential pathogenic or therapeutic effects of intestinal microbiota in disease. But the exact relationship between neurodegenerative diseases and gut microbiota remains unclear. As technology advances, new techniques for studying the microbiome will be developed and refined, and the relationship between diseases and gut microbiota will be revealed. This article summarizes the known interactions between the gut microbiome and neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting assay techniques for the gut microbiome, and we also discuss the potential therapeutic role of microbiome-based therapies in diseases.
Keywords
Gut microbiome;  Neurodegenerative diseases; Aging;  16S rRNA sequencing;  Multi-omics;  Microbiome-based therapies