Interoceptive Dysfunction in Psychiatric Disorders and Non-invasive Neuromodulation for Improving Interoception
Huiru Cui1 · Jijun Wang1,2 · Chunbo Li1,3
1 Neuromodulation Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
2 Nantong Fourth People’s Hospital and Nantong Brain Hospital, Nantong 226000, China
3 School of Psychology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
Abstract
Dysfunction of the interoceptive system is recognized as an important component of clinical symptoms, including anxiety, depression, psychosis, and other mental disorders. Non-invasive neuromodulation is an emerging clinical intervention approach, and over the past decade, research on non-invasive neuromodulation aimed at regulating interoception has rapidly developed. This review first outlines the pathways of interoceptive signals and assessment methods, then summarizes the interoceptive abnormalities in psychiatric disorders and current studies for non-invasive neuromodulation targeting interoception, including intervention modes, target sites, interoceptive measures, and potential neurobiological mechanisms. Finally, we discuss significant research challenges and future directions.
Keywords
Psychiatric disorders; Interoception; Perception; Insula; Neuromodulation
